Civil law is the most well-known and important branch of private law, on the basis of which other fields, such as commercial law, have also developed.

It regulates relationships between private individuals and persons in general, in everyday social and economic activities, and provides the rules for the protection of personality, property, and transactional security.

More specifically, the law of obligations regulates contracts and obligations between individuals, and in particular specific contracts such as sale, donation, brokerage, as well as claims arising from torts, unjust enrichment, and the institution of fraudulent conveyance of creditors.

An important part is property law, which concerns ownership and rights over things, mortgages and pledges, the registration of transfer deeds, as well as actions (vindication/negatory/possession actions) that provide protection to the holder of a property right.

Family law also holds a central place, covering marriage, kinship, adoption, maintenance obligations between relatives, and even the institution of judicial guardianship.

Finally, inheritance law is included, which regulates the transfer of property after death, the statutory share among relatives, the institution of disinheritance, as well as the types of wills.